Happy St. Patty's Day!

1.      Mostly fertile land is not a characteristic of Greece.

2. Approximately 2/3 of Greece is covered by mountains.

3. The term barbarian as it was originally used in the ancient world. The word came from the Greek “barbarous,” which originally meant “Non-Greek.”

       4.    A megalithic structure are massive rough-cut stones used to construct monuments and tombs.

       5.    The term tribe refers to a social and political unit consisting of a group of communities held together by common interests, traditions, and real or mythical ties of kinship.

6.      Tribes were governed by warrior kings or queens, chieftains, and tribal leaders chosen by warriors.

7. The first European barbarians to make contact with civilization were the Greeks.

8. The United States would not be considered a member of “Western civilization”

9. The name of the sea located just west of the Greek mainland is the Ionian Sea.

10. The name of the sea located just east of the Greek mainland is the Aegean Sea.

11. The major crops of the Aegean people were onions, wheat and beer.

12. The Minoan civilization arose on the island of Crete.

13. The Mycenaean civilization established settlements along the Greek mainland’s southern shore and on some islands.

14. The Mycenaean civilization built massive walls to protect themselves from attacks.

15. The Dark Ages is a period of Greek history in which the population dropped, ships no longer sailed, and writing fell out of use.

16. Following this time period, the Greeks joined the Phoenicians as the leading commercial and seafaring nation of the Mediterranean?

17. In historical writing, the letter “c” might appear before a date, as in “c. 1500 BC.”  That means around, about and or circa.

18. By 600 BC, Greek city-states dotted the coastlines around the Mediterranean Sea.  These were called colonies.

19. Although they varied in size, ancient Greek city-states most closely resembled counties as a modern-day geographical feature?

20. Oligarchy, which in a small group of citizens dominated, and the power of the majority was limited in various ways.

21. In a democracy is where decisions were made by the majority of adult male citizens.

22. In tyranny, a self-proclaimed dictator held power.

23. In monarchy, power is held by a single ruler, and is often passed along from father to son.

24. Spartans used this oligarchy for their government system.

25. At what age seven Spartan males begin their military training.

26. The wealthiest city-state in the ancient Greek world was Athens.

27. The high fortified citadel and religious center of an ancient Greek town was known as the Parthenon.

28. The southern peninsula where Sparta was located is called Peloponnesus.

29. Triremes were massive fighting ships with three banks of oars, used to ram or board enemy ships.

30. Hoplite was a heavily armed and armored citizen-soldier of ancient Greece.

  

Short answers.    

 

1.      The years the Dark Ages began and ended were about 1100 – 800 BC.

2.      The titles of Homer’s stories during the Dark Ages were “The Odyssey” and “The Iliad”

3. The word “Mediterranean” originally meant middle earth.

4.      Aristocrats were prominent and long-established Athenian land-owners.